Sagarmatha located in Nepal east is a zone that includes mountain districts of the Himalayas in the north, hill districts in the center, and valley districts of the Terai in the south. It is surrounded by China, India and the Koshi and Janakpur Zone of Nepal.
This zone is divided into six districts: Khotang, Okhaldhunga, Saptari, Siraha, Solukhumbu and Udayapur. The main city of Sagarmatha zone is Triyuga “Gaighat”. Sagarmatha is Sanskrit for “mother of the universe” and is the modern Nepali name for Mount Everest.
The name is from the Nepalese name for Mount Everest, which is located in the north within the Sagarmatha National Park in the Solu Khumbu district. This district is one of the seventy-five district of Nepal, and along Salleri cover an area of 3,312 km2 with a population of 107,686. The main groups ethnic are Rai and hill Caste Chhetri who live in the mid-hills, while the Sherpas occupy high mountains.
Sagarmatha National Park contains parts of the Himalayas and the southern half of Mount Everest and was created in 1976. Most of the park area is very rugged and steep, with its terrain cut by deep rivers and glaciers.
Due to its rising altitude, the park is divided into four climate zones: a forested lower, an alpine scrub, the upper alpine which includes upper limit of vegetation growth and the Arctic zone where no plants can grow.
Birch, juniper, blue pines, firs, bamboo and rhododendron grow in the lower forested zone. But as the altitude increases, plant life is restricted to lichens and mosses. So plants cease to grow because the permanent snow line in the Himalayas.
The forests provide habitat to at least 118 species of birds, including danphe, blood pheasant, red-billed chough and yellow-billed chough.
Also the park is home to a number of rare species among them we can find musk deer, wild yak, snow leopard, Himalayan black bear, red panda, Himalayan thars, deer, langur monkeys, hares, mountain foxes, martens and Himalayan wolves are founded in the park. But their numbers are not very large and many visitors may not be able to see them.